Directory · LV
Software Development in Latvia
A register of firms and the professionals working at them in the Software Development sector based in Latvia. Browse the public index, then filter or export on Kipplo.
Companies
168 on file
Tom Sawyer Software
Tom Sawyer Software is the leading provider of software and services that enable organizations to build highly scalable and flexible graph and data visualization and analysis applications. These applications are used to discover hidden patterns, complex relationships, and key trends in large and diverse data sets. Tom Sawyer Software is headquartered in Berkeley, California, USA, and has offices and development facilities in North America, Europe, and Australia. To learn more, visit
51 to 200 staff
Softgamings
SoftGamings is one of the world’s most innovative developers of gaming platforms and supplier of robust, turnkey gaming systems. We provide turn-key casino development services. We have developed our own bonus, loyalty and tournament system. Our roster of clients includes 100+ well known casino brands around the world.
501 to 1000 staff
Vendon
Vendon is an IoT and payment technology company providing a cloud-based management system for the vending and coffee industry. Our solutions combine contactless payments with advanced telemetry, making operations simple, efficient, and built for long-term reliability.
11 to 50 staff
D8 Corporation
D8 Corporation is a globally operating company that specializes in development, implementation and maintenance of finance IT solutions. D8 Corporation’s areas of competence include payment cards, merchant processing, fraud prevention solutions, digital payments, and e-commerce. D8 has been involved in multiple projects in over 32 countries with organizations that range from small private banks to processing companies and national level processors. D8 offers its clients flexibility and support during and after the project phase, by having an established network of partners and offices in the CIS and EMEA regions. At present, D8 has over 50 active clients across the EMEA region. We are a multi-national, multi-lingual, and multi-cultural team of experts, who are well organized and use the most advanced modern practices in everything we do.
51 to 200 staff
Codelex
Training perspective and validated developers internally according to our partners needs and preparing them for a job from the day one. Working closely with a companies which are in need for a software developers.
11 to 50 staff
Sonarworks
Award-winning music tech company with more than recording studios and numerous Grammy-awarded engineers using our tech. Software tools for creators and personalization app for listeners.
51 to 200 staff
Atas Ltd
We are ATAS Ltd, a Latvian product IT company that has specialized in developing and selling professional software for trading on global financial markets for over 14 years. Our mission: Help traders see more, know more, and earn more by using the most advanced market analysis tools. Company in figures: 25+ exchanges connected (stock, futures, crypto markets) More than traders assessed positively the benefits of our platform in 130+ countries available instruments for online trading analyzing 800+ partners and companies – the world leaders in the field of investment and finance We are not standing still, constantly evolving and scaling!
11 to 50 staff
Wd Market
At WD Market, our mission is simple: to build high-performing, omnichannel eCommerce stores that empower brands to sell anywhere and everywhere. We specialize in conversion rate optimization (CRO), advanced automation, and scalable solutions that fuel growth and drive results. Whether you're looking to streamline operations, expand into new markets, or boost your brand visibility, we’re here to help you thrive. Our Vision: To be the driving force behind eCommerce success, delivering tailored solutions that automate processes, enhance customer experiences, and help brands reach their full potential across all sales channels. Our Core Values: Delivering Real Impact – We strive to make a meaningful difference in every eCommerce journey. Passion for Excellence – We are committed to crafting the best solutions with care and expertise. Continuous Learning & Growth – We stay ahead of industry trends so your brand can lead the market. Prioritizing Well-being – We believe that success starts with a healthy, balanced approach to work. Results-Driven Focus – We’re all about measurable outcomes that translate to real business growth. Teamwork & Collaboration – Success is built through shared ideas and strong partnerships. Empowering eCommerce Owners – We grow together, supporting and elevating each business we work with. At WD Market, you’re part of a community of eCommerce innovators and leaders driven by a passion for building exceptional online stores and streamlining operations through automation. Our team is here to help you scale faster, sell smarter, and achieve long-term success in the eCommerce landscape."There’s nothing greater in the world than when somebody on the team does something good, and everybody gathers around to pat them on the back." – Billy Martin, American professional baseball player and manager
11 to 50 staff
Advangrid
Advangrid is an energy and sustainability technology company helping industrial businesses understand, optimize, and decarbonize their operations. We provide precise, traceable consumption data through wireless sensors, a powerful analytics platform, and expert consulting — enabling companies to cut costs, reduce CO₂ emissions, and improve efficiency. Our plug-and-play hardware and real-time insights reveal where energy is wasted, how processes perform, and where savings can be achieved. With various integrations and leading LCA datasets, Advangrid also delivers accurate GHG accounting and supports companies preparing for CSRD requirements. Who we support: Manufacturers, food processors, woodworking, metal, logistics, commercial buildings, and utility operators — organisations seeking reliable data to improve performance and reach sustainability goals. Our mission: To empower companies with precise, actionable insights that reduce CO₂ footprint, optimize resources, and increase profitability. Our vision: To become the most trusted ESG data and sustainability management platform for industrial businesses, where data and technology drive greener decisions and long-term growth.
1 to 10 staff
Cenos Simulation Software
Democratizing simulation with open source tools & focused apps We're making simulation affordable and available for everyone by connecting the best of open source tools into a simple interface with focused applications- Induction Heating - Antenna Design.and more coming soon! AFFORDABLE The use of free open-source algorithms made it possible for CENOS to be affordable for everyone. CENOS starts from $300 a month and saves you 80% of costs and time spent on physical tests. SIMPLE & FOCUSED CENOS 3D desktop software keeps focus on your specific industry needs and tries to avoid any unnecessary functionality which might confuse inexperienced user. CONNECTING THE BEST OF OPEN-SOURCE CENOS platform technology enables affordable simulation available for small to mid-size companies by connecting third-party open-source algorithms in one seamless user experience. GetDP, Salome, FreeCAD and Paraview were developed by strong academic communities involving world top research centers and universities like Sandia National Lab, Imperial College, KU Leuven, and others.
11 to 50 staff
Swotzy
Swotzy provides a simplified shipping tool to help eCommerce merchants to optimize their last mile operations by always using the best fit carrier and save operational costs.
11 to 50 staff
Briox
Briox is a SaaS company that helps accounting agencies and their micro business clients to be more profitable and successful. Briox has offices in Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Briox is listed on the NGM Nordic MTF.
11 to 50 staff
Longenesis
Longenesis is a digital health startup that contributes to 21st century healthcare by accelerating development of new and better treatments, improving patient engagement and health outcomes. Partnering with leading healthcare institutions, global life sciences companies and national governments Longenesis has empowered more than 700 patients across the EU and MENA regions. Longenesis offers digital tools for patient cohort discovery, patient engagement and consent management for life science companies and healthcare institutions Our mission is to build digital bridges between life-science companies, healthcare providers and patients to maximize value creation from health data in a patient-centric and ethical way. For more information visit https://longenesis.com/
11 to 50 staff
Sellfy
When it comes to selling digital products, merchants need to deal with complex solutions taking both their time and money. Sellfy changes that all offering simple service to start selling within second with just a link. We take care of digital product storage, delivery and payments to that our clients can focus on creating great stuff. You also need to market their products effectively. With Sellfy you can do it as well setup social media promotional campaigns, affiliate programs and more.
11 to 50 staff
Bookla
Bookla offers innovative business automation solutions, specializing in online booking systems tailored for various sectors like sports clubs, medical services, and entertainment venues. Our platform streamlines operations with features like client management, ticketing, and integrated payment processing. Enhancing customer experience and operational efficiency, Bookla is the go-to choice for businesses seeking to modernize and optimize their booking processes.
1 to 10 staff
Chili Labs
We turn your ideas into high-performing mobile apps that grow, convert and stand out We’re a team of passionate mobile app developers and designers specializing in Flutter, iOS and Android. We turn your ideas into seamless, scalable, and UX-first products that bring measurable results. With 100+ launched projects, 1M+ users, and 3 industry awards, we help businesses across industries — from FinTech and insurance to health, education, and lifestyle — build mobile solutions that don’t just launch, but succeed. Our apps don’t just launch — they thrive and win awards. Beyond development, we offer: • UX/UI design • Code audit & QA • App marketing & ASO strategies Let’s build something exceptional — explore our portfolio or request a free audit here: https://chililabs.io/contact-us
11 to 50 staff
Abc Software
Company ABC SOFTWARE works within information technology sphere for the Latvian market. The services that we offer to the customers are connected with development and implementation of information systems and complete software solutions adaptable to each customer's requirements.
11 to 50 staff
Epicfrog
Epic Frog - is a versatile IT development company providing on-demand software design and further continuous maintenance of created products. We develop distinctive digital solutions for finance-related industries such as Fintech, Paytech, and banking. At Epic Frog, we specialise in elaborating- web and mobile applications- internal IT systems for businesses- websites with back-end processes of different complexity- apps and websites with a different types of design; and many other software technologies. We can execute the order strictly as per the client's request or advise designing the better fitting logic and more simple, user-friendly systems with the less time-consuming creation process. Quality is preferred over quantity here. This is why the company has chosen to focus on building a long-term relationship with its clients. We develop, maintain, and stay in partnership for long. We care about providing a genuinely high-level service by all means. It may imply fewer clients but broader projects. As a result, Epic Frog applies a client-centric and overall people-oriented approach to ensure the products we create are made with deep interest, passion and are well-tended after. Our in-house team brings together talented and experienced IT architects, developers, project managers, business analysts, and other professionals who signify a special personal attitude to the customers we work with. And most of our employees and clients loyally partner with our company enduringly for years.
11 to 50 staff
Quickappflow
QuickAppFlow is an Agentic workflow automation platform that delivers hyper-automation 10x faster than traditional methods. We empower enterprises to automate repetitive manual tasks, dramatically boost productivity, and enable teams to focus on work that truly matters. Our platform leverages advanced AI to transform complex workflows, turning time-consuming processes into seamless, intelligent automation. By eliminating manual, repetitive tasks, QuickAppFlow helps organizations unlock their full operational potential. Key AI features: 1. Agentic Workflow Automation 2. AI Co-pilot for business users 3. Conversational AI Bot
51 to 200 staff
Infoera Latvia
Uzņēmums InfoEra Latvia ir dibināts 2010. gadā ar mērķi nodrošināt vietējos projektētājus ar jaunākājiem inženiertehniskiem IT risinājumiem, kā arī iespējām saņemt konsultācijas no sertificētiem speciālistiem par šo risinājumu pielietošanu. InfoEra Latvia ir daļa no kompāniju grupas, kurā ietilpst arī UAB InfoEra un AruCAD Süsteemid OÜ. gadā InfoEra Latvia ieguva Autodesk Gold Partner statusu, kas atspoguļo InfoEra Latvia pakalpojumu kvalitāti, tehniskās zināšanas, kā arī klientu novērtējumu un uzticēšanos.
1 to 10 staff
Eurofins Genomics It Solutions Latvia
Every day, we analyse and produce DNA for our wide-ranging network of customers that aim to make our world a safer, healthier place. In order to achieve this, we build the best possible teams by hiring, inspiring and challenging the best people around the world. Setting standards in the world of DNA. We focus on delivering genomics products and services with the highest quality and making a difference in the lives of everyone who is touched by our business. Our aim is to set benchmarks for the future of genomic services through our expertise and commitment. Fast We produce and analyse DNA & RNA. As an an internationally leading company, we provide of DNA sequencing services, genotyping services, DNA synthesis products and bioinformatics services. Complete We support our customers from research to application by combining outstanding expertise with state-of-the-art instruments, methods and technologies. We support standard and challenging research projects, as well as complex strategies for large interdisciplinary companies. Reliable We work with academics, pharma, food, diagnostics, agriculture and biotechnology. Our highly automated and lean-optimised lab processes allow us to deliver highly-reliable results.
11 to 50 staff
Fjordhub.Com
Fjordhub.com is subscription-based planning, attendance control, and interaction platform for employees. It facilitates interactive kiosks, SMS, and WhatsApp as a means of communication with employees specifically in retail and manufacturing.
1 to 10 staff
Hyperscan
Use AI to examine thousands of LinkedIn profiles based on your specific questions. Say goodbye to manual profile sorting and complex searches. Hyperscan reviews each profile just as you would, pinpointing your best matches in a flash. How it works: 1. Import your LinkedIn search results with one click 2. Enrich each profile with workplace information automatically 3. Have our AI answer any yes/no questions for each profile 4. Highlight the best matches based on AI responses 5. Create your shortlist and export it
11 to 50 staff
Summarizebot
SummarizeBot – is the data science and AI-driven company specialising in information extraction, structuring and analysis. We apply state-of-the-art artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing and blockchain technologies to simplify complex processes and automate what previously required human-level intelligence. Our company developed and patented the most advanced AI analytical algorithms for legal, consulting, financial, publishing, media, automotive, healthcare, pharmaceutical, hospitality, travel and others industries. SummarizeBot's team at the moment focused on global scientific problems solving related to abstractive summarization, question answering systems and predictive analytics for fintech industry. The team constantly is invited to take part in international data science challenges and competitions, that allows us to be on the wave of the latest AI and machine learning trends.
11 to 50 staff
Visual Composer
Visual Composer is aiming to lower the barrier between business and IT with the help of easy to use visual tools. It is an affordable way to build and manage your content in WordPress without coding. Visual Composer is taking into account 3 important aspects of business and IT world: time-saving, solution quality and flexibility.
11 to 50 staff
Web Scraper
Web Scraper is the number 1 web scraping extension. It lets you easily extract data from modern, dynamic web sites, and also lets you automate your scraping tasks with Cloud Scraper. Web Scraper doesn’t require any coding (no need to know Python or C#), and doesn't force you to install a new software. It simply works in a web browser. We are making web data extraction easy and accessible to everyone. Start web scraping in minutes.
1 to 10 staff
Sapiens.Bi
Sapiens.BI is developing Predictive Analytics to help companies with everyday business tasks thereby boosting productivity and enabling data-driven decision making- Plug-and-Play: Integrated in CRM / ERP / eCommerce apps - Easy to play among various chart types, detailed, summary and pivot tables - Interactive & Elegnat Charts (Contains Drilldown & more), Combined Chart with 3 Axes, Funnel, Gauge, Geographic and other charts. All charts are highly customizable- Your own calculations - Real time data - No need for IT skills - 100+ predefined reports - Few minutes to Install - Analyze historical data
1 to 10 staff
Ucs Latvia
SIA UCS installs and supervises specialized computer accounting and management systems for companies of catering, accommodation, wellness and entertainment sectors. We have the largest service network in Latvia and our call center works 24/7. Our computer cash system r_keeper – the most popular and most used solution for restaurant business in Latvia and the whole world, Ericsoft hotel management system – one of the most stable and easiest-to-use products in the market and Italian product GymGest – the most reliable solution for wellness and entertainment facilities that has been developed and perfected for a quarter of a century.
11 to 50 staff
Visma Resolve
We create cutting-edge technology by transforming ideas to products. By dedicating ourselves to the latest research within artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning and optimization, we seek to significantly improve the operations of our clients within healthcare, education and the private sector. By empowering clients with user-friendly AI systems in the cloud, we radically transform their manual processes into competitive advantages, enabling them to make powerful and informed decisions.
11 to 50 staff
Bizon
Bizon One is a fintech platform that provides cutting-edge advisory and IT-engineering services tailored for eCommerce and FinTech enterprises. While Bizon One does not operate as a payment gateway or hold a payment license, it offers expert guidance in technology, payments, and overall business strategies. Bizon One offers top-tier integration and software development, crafting custom solutions for cross-border eCommerce. Our platform unites fintech experts, blending technical expertise with personalized guidance to help businesses scale effectively. Through our extensive network of partners, Bizon One offers access to over 50 global payment methods, ensuring that your business is well-equipped to meet the demands of a global market.
11 to 50 staff
A-Heads Consulting
IT Solutions company specializing in financial and payment systems. Applying modern technologies such as cloud & microservices for solving business problems.
11 to 50 staff
Agw
AGW is a small but powerfull digital agency located in Ogre, Latvia, driven by a team of professionals. We have our clients within borders and all over the europe. Technology and design is our passion, and we like nothing more than a good challenge. We strive for perfection knowing it's unreachable.
1 to 10 staff
Babri Software
Babri Software is a company that focuses on providing the best Web development services. We are a small, experienced, and focused team, founded by two engineers, fully remote based in Latvia. We strive for the feeling that you get after a job well done and this concept is on what we base our company’s purpose — to work with our clients for a result that they would be happy to tell others about.
1 to 10 staff
Bordio
Bordio is a work management platform for result-driven teams. Manage your projects, plan the work, track the progress and get things done.
1 to 10 staff
Convershake
Contact center agents waste critical on-call time hunting for answers across disconnected knowledge systems, leading to inconsistent service, high Average Handle Time (AHT), frustrated customers. This operational drag directly impacts profitability, agent retention, and ability to scale. Convershake solves this by unifying your entire knowledge base—from PDFs and Word docs to internal websites—into one intelligent interface. With Convershake, you can: 1. Empower Agents: Provide instant, precise, and compliant answers during live calls. Dramatically reduce AHT and improve First Call Resolution (FCR). Accelerate Onboarding: Cut agent ramp-up time from weeks to days. Our AI co-pilot acts as a "safety net," allowing new hires to be productive and confident from day one. Secure Revenue & Compliance: Eliminate costly errors and SLA penalties by providing real-time guidance on complex procedures. Our secure, multi-tenant platform ensures data is always segregated between your clients. Drive Profitability & Growth: Increase agent capacity and handle more call volume with your existing team. Onboard new clients faster and demonstrate a clear technological advantage to win more business. Stop leaking revenue and talent - start empowering your teams with knowledge AI!
11 to 50 staff
Drafter Ai No-Code Ai Platform
Build, test, use and integrate AI-powered features and solutions in minutes instead of months without a line of code. In fact, we're one of the largest no-code playgrounds for AI/ML technologies.
1 to 10 staff
Emphasoft
Emphasoft is an international software development and outstaffing company headquartered in Finland. We can provide you with individual engineers or ready-made team for your project. We will help you design and develop a new product or mobile application faster and more efficiently than an in-house team. This will not only reduce the time of the project, but also reduce its cost.
51 to 200 staff
Huntli.Io
Huntl is an all-in-one transaction monitoring tool that helps to fight financial fraud and keeps its users in check with day-to-day compliance that you would currently find on the market. Right now it has Easy to use interface Over 200 compliance scenarios that could be adopted in just a few clicks Also tools for the creation of your own scenarios and rules Risk scoring Statistics and analytics And many more
11 to 50 staff
Loadero
Loadero is a cloud-hosted service for testing websites and web applications. Performance and load tests with powerful features like built-in media for WebRTC testing, network conditioning, choosing browser versions and worldwide locations are available for running tests for tens of thousands concurrent users. Simple and complex test scenarios can be scripted using Selenium in JavaScript, Java or Python and run to get a detailed statistics report, that includes machine use data for every participant, WebRTC data and summarized results with graphs. Our flexible pricing model allows single runs on demand with single payment and subscription for frequent use. From single user to enterprise scale, Loadero has all necessary to fulfill your testing needs. Take a look and sign up for a free trial at loadero.com
11 to 50 staff
Mg Software
MG Software means a versatile, targeted approach into technological progress. We fuse together cutting-edge technologies with a progressive way of thinking to provide innovative solutions. Every project we embark on starts with a single sparkling idea: to potentate web and mobile platforms through custom software development services. Since 2014, MG Software has been involved in a vast array of large projects for a global audience. We started with providing services for web portals with large traffic, diversifying our array of digital services to include the latest technologies and solutions. Optionally, our solutions can be backed up by fast and accurate server and application support services. If needed, the server and application support services can also be extended for solutions that weren’t developed by MG Software, where we can offer the maintenance and guarantee of a smooth running service. We are as equally adapted to working on our own from inception to completion, or jumping in as the wingman of a larger entity. Our individual approach for each distinct solution usually surpasses expectations and provides stable, performing results. Our goal is to make the world better through better solutions. Let’s start with your project!
1 to 10 staff
Mikrokods Ltd
MikroKods Ltd. purpose to develop integrated information systems and offer powerful customer solutions based on global providers of collaborative technologies and software components enabling users to create, manage and publish engineering, geospatial, architectural and construction content. We provide professional services for our software solutions, including implementation, integration, customization and training. We offer services in following areas: • Geospatial Information and Remote Sensing Technologies. • Delivery and implementation of standard CAD, GIS and database solutions. • GIS, LIS and database system design and integration. • Design and implementation data publication solutions via Internet (attribute data, vector data, raster data, 3D reality models, web services. • Consultancy and users training in areas mentioned above. We are official business partners of Bentley Systems, Hexagon Geospatial, Oracle and Planetek Italia S.r.l.
1 to 10 staff
Networx - Igaming Software Provider
All-in-One iGaming Solution. Customize, extend, and excel. Networx provides everything you need to launch and grow a successful online casino. Flexible software, a vast selection of extensions, and expert services – all designed to deliver a seamless and revenue-driving player experience!
11 to 50 staff
Pixout, Sia
Pixout operates in the field of architectural lighting, controlling systems,s and embedded software. With a rich background in dynamic lighting, we have successfully executed diverse projects across various venues such as bars, restaurants, museums, gyms, and public spaces. Our unique strength lies in our interdisciplinary team comprising skilled IT developers and lighting experts. This collaborative approach enables us to offer end-to-end project solutions tailored to your precise requirements. If you're envisioning a project that demands a dependable and proficient partner, we're here to help. Let us be the catalyst to bring your project to life.
1 to 10 staff
Request
Creative design studio, specializing in web design, development and advertising. We transform visions into reality with a team of experts in web development, social media management, creative design, and e-commerce solutions. Take your business to new heights! We blend creativity with strategic thinking to produce visually stunning and impactful deliverables. From responsive designs to seamless functionality, we ensure that your website stands out and delivers an exceptional user experience.
1 to 10 staff
Spell
Spell builds a white-label platform for acquiring banks and payment institutions of the next generation. Spell platform is designed to make our clients win in the payments business by- offering the most advanced toolkit for payments- optimizing and automating operations with accounts- continuously updating their economy and product offers to their business clients on a SaaS basis.
11 to 50 staff
Squad Robotics
Squad Robotics gives manufacturers of floor cleaning machinery the technology they need to make their machines into robots helping outperform their competitors, generate new revenue streams, and reduce the operating costs for their customers. We are providing the software, that allows to have localization, simply put – indoor GPS with 4cm precision, to monitor cleaning process, and autonomize machines. And on top of that when they are autonomous we give them the ability to communicate with each other and work together in teams, to ensure redundancy and better fleet management. The Asset performance monitoring system, tracks equipment indoors, creating reports on in-use and idle time, routes, speed and a map of cleaned and uncleaned spots.
11 to 50 staff
W-Plus
W-plus is a senior software development team specializing in delivering E2E product solutions and comprehensive product evaluation. With a strong emphasis on your business, we are committed to creating value and achieving your ultimate goals. We believe that the journey towards success is just as important as the destination, and we approach it with a measurable mindset from sales, marketing, product, business, and engineering perspectives. With extensive experience in building high-loaded systems/SaaS platforms, we take great pride in our expertise across various domains. Our knowledge spans Automotive, Healthcare, Phone & Video, E-Commerce & Finance, and Travel & Transportation, catering to both Enterprise and SMB segments. We understand the unique challenges and requirements within each industry, enabling us to deliver tailored solutions that drive innovation and growth. Our comprehensive range of services is designed to address every aspect of your software development needs. We begin by offering market analysis and business analysis, providing valuable insights into your industry and helping you make informed decisions. Whether you require web, desktop, or mobile development, our team is equipped to handle projects of any complexity, ensuring seamless functionality and exceptional user experiences. Our UI/UX services are based on in-depth discovery, enabling us to create visually appealing and intuitive interfaces that captivate your target audience. Additionally, the DevOps services will streamline your development and deployment processes, resulting in faster time-to-market and improved operational efficiency. What truly sets us apart is our commitment to building robust processes and leveraging our expertise to achieve outstanding results. We collaborate closely with our clients, fostering strong partnerships, working together to overcome challenges and seize opportunities. Let's join forces and empower your business to thrive in the digital landscape!
11 to 50 staff
Baltic Plm Solutions
Baltic PLM Solutions Ltd- Authorised Siemens PLM Software reseller in Latvia and Lithuania. Company Baltic PLM Solutions - the leader of PLM market in the Baltics in automation of design (CAD), management of technical processes (CAM, CAE) and product data management (PDM). End-to-end decisions of Siemens PLM Software include integrated CAD/CAM/CAE and PDM-systems for support of a product at all stages of its lifecycle (PLM), including conceptual design, preparation of manufacture and engineering analysis. Experts of the company possess necessary experience, technical and organizational knowledge and build relationship with customers on a partnership basis, successfully solving most challenges on advanced technological level.
1 to 10 staff
